Combined stove and fire-place



y(No Model.) 2 sheetssheet 1.

. C. E. WOOD.

COMBINED STOVE AND PIRE PLAGE.

Patented Deo. 29, 1891.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. E. WOOD. /GOMBI'NED STVE AND PIRE PLAGE.

Patented Deo. 29, 1891,

fue Noms Parana cu., mum-mno UNITED vSTATES PATENT CFFICE.

CHARLES EFIVOOD, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

COMBINED STOVE AND FIRE-PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 465,910, dated December 29, 1891.

Application filed June 5, 1891. Serial No. 395,273. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

lle it known that I, CHARLES E. WOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Louisville, in the county of Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Stoves and Fire-Places; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such vas will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to open-front stoves.

Heretofore it has been common to construct stoves having metallic sides andfirefbrick linings. It has also been common to face common nre-places with fire-brick, and it is a well-known fact that the middleof the-sides of combustion-chambers become more highly heated and sooner burned out or warped in service than the cornersowing to the fact that heated air when in motion goes in curved lines, which avoid internal corners and iinpinge strongly against the middle of the sides.

The object of my invention is to adapt a skeleton frame to support and protect the edges of fire-bricks and to form, in conjunc tion therewith and with other parts, a cooking-stove which shall be readily convertible.

into an open lire-place.

' To this end my invention lconsists in the construction and combination of parts forming a combined stove and fire-place hereinafter described and claimed, reference be'- ing had to the accompanying drawings, in whichv Figure I is a front view showing my inven-` tion either as a cooking-stove or-fire-plaoe. Fig. II is a transverse vertical section of the same at the line c of Fig. I, showing my invention in service as a stove. Fig. III is also a transverse vertical section taken at the line 0c and showing my invention in service as an open fire-place. Fig. IV is a top view of the stove, partly in horizontal section. Fig. V 1s a perspective view of the skeleton frame of my stove and fireplace. Fig. VI is a transverse vertical section showing a modification of my invention.l Fig. VII is a longitudinal vertical section at 8, Fig. VI.

10 represents a skeleton frame, which is one of the characteristics of my invention. It will be seen that this frame comprises three longitudinal bars l1, l2, and 13, two cornerposts 14, a middle post 15, six horizontal bars numbered in pairs, respectively, 16, 17, and 1S, and two braces 19.

All the above-described portions are cast in one single piece with bosses 20, projecting 'inward atthe corners of all joints to strength' en the same. This frame is adapted to set freely within the opening which is left for a fire-place by the chimney-builders, and to have placed around it fire-bricks 2l, 2,2, 23, and 24, each of the said bricks being so proportioned that it will rest against the outside of the frame and have its edges protected and concealed by the frame. There may be either lone or two bricks 2l, forming the lower portion of the back, and if there are two their adjacent edges will be covered and protected by the middle post l5 of the frame.

Y 25 represents bosses projecting rearward from the frame and notched in their upper sides to receive the trunnions 26 of the lower damper27. The upper back brick 24tis preferably all in one piece, because being farther from the fire it will not be so soon burned out,

yand it is iitted to rest upon the projecting bosses 25 over the trunnions 26, thereby holding the damper 27 in its bearings.

28 represents the grate, which I prefer to held from working forward by the usual fire- -place casing 38. The inner corner of the up per face of the said cross-bar 17 and of the longitudinal bar I3 and of the front edge bar ycast in one piece with a front top edge 29, yprojecting at its ends 30 to rest in suitable .notcheszin the middle cross-bar 17 and to be 29 is grooved to form a ledge, within and upon which the top pieces 3l of the stove may rest flushwith the top of the said bar. rlhese top pieces may be formed like the usual removable top pieces of a stove with the adjacent edges curved to form circular openings with ledges to receive common stove-lids 32.

33 is an ash-pan fitted to slide freely upon the bottom 34 of the fire-place, which may be made of brick or stone,` as usual.

35 is the upper damper, which may be made in the usual form, such as the gridiron shape shown in Figs. VI and VII;v but I prefer the damper shaped like a single gate pivoted at its ends 3G in a removable portion 37 of the frame, as shown in Figs. II and III. I pro- IOO vide this damper with a ratchet-'shaped brace 39, pivoted at its upper end to the damper and the ratchet-teeth adapted to engage a stud 40, which projects from the inner side of the main frame l0.

41 is a handle whereby the brace 3D may be disengaged from the stud 40, the damper be raised, and the brace be engaged with the said stud at the notch required to hold the damper open at the desired elevation; or by working this handle 4l the brace may be disengaged from the stud and the damper be closed tight down.

42 is a ratchet-toothed brace pivoted to the lower damper 27 and adapted to engage a projecting tooth 43 of the frame to hold the said lower damper open to any amount required. The frame 37 of the upper damper is fitted to engage the main frame 10 by a dovetail joint 44.

In fitting up a fire-place according to my invention the main frame 10 and the top frame 37 are fitted together and placed in the opening for the fire-place. Then the firebricks 21 22 are to be placed against the back and sides of the frame and the space behind them is to be filled in with sand. The upper end bricks are then to be`placed against the frame and wedged in with pieces of loose brick. The back brick 24 is entirely supported by standing upon the bosses 25 and leaning forward against the braces 19, leaving an opening 45 for a fiue between this brick and the back 46 of the chimney. The lower damper 27 is to be placed in its bearings before the brick 24 is putin. The grate 28 and damper 35 may now be placed in position. Then the front casing 38 of the hre-place is placed and fastened, as usual, holding the said grate and damper in their bearings. It will be readily understood that as no cement or mortaris used in the setting of this frame the parts may be removed in the reverse order to that above stated for fitting the fire-place, so that if anybricks should become burned out there is no great difiieulty in replacing them, since there is nothingaboutthe whole devicewhich is permanently fastened to the chimney. When the top pieces 31 and the lids are in place, this invention is an open-front stove, whose draftis through the fine 45, controlled by the damper-27, and at such times the upperdamper 35 may be entirely closed to force all the draft through the flue 45, or it may be a little open to permit the escape of any smoke or disagreeable odors which may result from cooking on the stove, thus rendering it particularly applicable for use in flats and other dwellings where a room occu pied by the inhabitants must also serve as a kitchen or 6o cooking-room. Now if the top pieces 3l and lids 32 of the stove be removed the device becomes an open fire-place, whose draft maybe controlled wholly by the upper damper 35, the products of combustion passing freely through the opening which was formerly covered by the top of the stove. 'At the same time the lower damper 27 may be kept open when a low fire is desired and but little heat required in the room. In houses where the casing 38 has already been set my whole device may be easily placed in behind it without removing it.

Having thus fully described my invention, what l believe to be new,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following: 5

l. The combination, in fire-places, of a skele ton frame having the longitudinal bars l2 and 13, located as described, and the projecting bosses 25, notched in their upper sides, a damper fitted to close the space between the said bars and provided with trunnions to fit the said notches as bearings, and a brick fitted to rest upon the said bosses on the frame and hold the damper in, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the fire-place frame 10 in skeleton form, the side bricks 21 and 22, fitted to the outer sides of the frame, the back bricks 23 and 24, fitted to the back of the frame with an opening between them, and a fine leading therefrom behind the brick 23, and a damper for said opening, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a fireplace frame in skeleton form, a fire-grate fitted thereto, the top of the grate and that portion of' the frame on the same level being internally grooved as a ledge to receive a top, top pieces removably fitted to the said ledge, lids fitted to the top, a back fixed permanently above the top, a flue behind the said back, and openings leading to the flue both above and below the back, substantially as described.

4. The combinatiomin a fire-place and stove, of a stove portion having a removable top and a dampered outlet below the said top into a chimney-flue, a permanent fire-place back fixed above the top of the stove and in front of the said fine, and a dampered inlet to the said flue above the said back, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES E. lVOOD.

lVitnesses:

H. R. GRANT, HERBERT LOUGHRIDGE.

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